Nigerian Islamist extremists Boko Haram are intensifying attacks in neighbouring Cameroon, targeting new villages with increasingly sophisticated weapons, as the army fears more violence in the approaching dry season.

“We’re convinced that the establishment of a ‘caliphate’ (by Boko Haram) is aimed not only at Nigeria but also at Cameroon,” Leopold Nlate Ebale, commander for an elite battalion in the border zone, told AFP.

Boko Haram’s leader, Abubakar Shekau, has said he wants to set up a Nigerian caliphate—recalling the actions of the Islamic State militant group which has taken over parts of Iraq and Syria.

Until recently, Boko Haram had focused its attacks on several Cameroonian border posts across from towns it controls in the Nigerian state of Borno. It has also been using Cameroon as a place to rest and stock up with arms and food.

But its attacks are now spreading further south into the country.

Members of the group have slit the throats of market-goers in broad daylight near the northern city of Mokolo, according to Cameroon’s army.

Meanwhile, rivers between the west African nations are evaporating as the dry season approaches.

Dry weather “will increase Boko Haram’s capacity for harm,” said colonel Jacob Kodji, a regional army chief in northern Cameroon.

“They will no longer have to cross over bridges. They will be able to cross anywhere over the border, at any time, by any means.”

Troops trained by Israelis The Islamists have taken some 20 towns in Nigeria and amassed a weapons stockpile seized from Nigerian army bases.

They now use armoured vehicles and landmines as well as kalashnikovs and rocket launchers.

Cameroon’s military is increasingly concerned as Boko Haram fighters approach major cities like Maroua, the capital of the Far North region, which the group is suspected of infiltrating.

Cameroon has deployed around 2,000 soldiers in the northern region and registered 32 deaths since the start of the operation.

Despite the losses, the government says its soldiers are beating back the Islamists.

The authorities regularly announce the killing of hundreds of Islamists during skirmishes, though it is impossible to verify the figures.

Cameroon has some 4,000 elite soldiers, trained by Israeli soldiers, but observers are sceptical about the capabilities of the regular army, particularly in the face of bigger attacks.

“Until now, the military presence has endured major skirmishes. But if Boko Haram decided to launch a major offensive, they could break through Cameroon’s lines without too much difficulty,” said a source close to the country’s intelligence services, requesting anonymity.

The army’s successes up to now were partly due to the fact that the insurgents were sending young, inexperienced recruits to Cameroon, rather than hardened fighters from Nigeria, he said.

“The Boko Haram fighters we’re dealing with are trained in three weeks: the first week they’re given money and drugs, the second week they learn to put together and strip down a kalashnikov, and the third, they’re sent to the frontline,” said a Cameroonian officer, declining to be named.

The army, initially criticised for its inaction, also feels increasingly isolated in its fight against the Islamist group.

Hundreds of Nigerian soldiers have fled to Cameroon on several occasions in response to Boko Haram attacks, yet the two countries “share information but nothing more”, according to Cameroon’s defence ministry.

A regional force—with 700 soldiers each from Chad, Cameroon, Niger and Nigeria—is due to be deployed by the end of November, but will mainly concentrate on the area around Lake Chad, in the far north of both countries.